Version: 9.4.30.v20200611 |

Chapter 13. Annotations
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## Chapter 13. Annotations

Jetty supports the servlet specification annotations. It is not enable by default, so the following sections show you how to enable it, and how to use them.

## Quick Setup

### Jetty Distribution

If you are using the jetty distribution, then annotations are enabled by default. The annotations module and its transitive dependencies are responsible for making annotation processing available.

Note that annotations that relate to JNDI, such as @Resource and @Resources are enabled via the JNDI module, which is a transitive dependency on the annotations module.

### Jetty Maven Plugin

Annotations and JNDI are pre-enabled for the Maven plugin.

### Embedding

To use annotations in an embedded scenario, you will need to include the `jetty-annotations` jar and all its dependencies onto your classpath. You will also need to include the `org.eclipse.jetty.annotations.AnnotationConfiguration` class into the list of Configuration classes applied to the `org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext` class representing your webapp.

Below is an example application that sets up the standard `test-spec.war` webapp from the distribution in embedded fashion. It can also be found in the Jetty GitHub repository on the examples/embedded page as `ServerWithAnnotations.java`. Note that the `test-spec.war` uses not only annotations, but also JNDI, so this example also enables their processing (via the org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration, org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration and their related jars).

    //
    //  ========================================================================
    //  Copyright (c) 1995-2020 Mort Bay Consulting Pty Ltd and others.
    //  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //  All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
    //  are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
    //  and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
    //
    //      The Eclipse Public License is available at
    //      http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
    //
    //      The Apache License v2.0 is available at
    //      http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
    //
    //  You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses.
    //  ========================================================================
    //

    package org.eclipse.jetty.embedded;

    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.net.URL;
    import javax.naming.NamingException;

    import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.NamingDump;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Transaction;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.security.HashLoginService;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.Configuration;
    import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext;

    /**
     * ServerWithAnnotations
     */
    public class ServerWithAnnotations
    {
        public static Server createServer(int port) throws NamingException, FileNotFoundException
        {
            // Create the server
            Server server = new Server(port);

            // Enable parsing of jndi-related parts of web.xml and jetty-env.xml
            Configuration.ClassList classlist = Configuration.ClassList
                .setServerDefault(server);
            classlist.addAfter("org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration",
                "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration",
                "org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration");
            classlist.addBefore(
                "org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.JettyWebXmlConfiguration",
                "org.eclipse.jetty.annotations.AnnotationConfiguration");
            // Create a WebApp
            WebAppContext webapp = new WebAppContext();
            webapp.setContextPath("/");
            File warFile = JettyDistribution.resolve("demo-base/webapps/test-spec.war").toFile();
            webapp.setWar(warFile.getAbsolutePath());
            webapp.setAttribute(
                "org.eclipse.jetty.server.webapp.ContainerIncludeJarPattern",
                ".*/javax.servlet-[^/]*\\.jar$|.*/servlet-api-[^/]*\\.jar$");
            server.setHandler(webapp);

            // Register new transaction manager in JNDI
            // At runtime, the webapp accesses this as java:comp/UserTransaction
            new Transaction(new com.acme.MockUserTransaction());

            // Define an env entry with webapp scope.
            // THIS ENTRY IS OVERRIDDEN BY THE ENTRY IN jetty-env.xml
            new EnvEntry(webapp, "maxAmount", 100d, true);

            // Register a mock DataSource scoped to the webapp
            new Resource(server, "jdbc/mydatasource", new com.acme.MockDataSource());

            // Add JNDI context to server for dump
            server.addBean(new NamingDump());

            // Configure a LoginService
            String realmResourceName = "etc/realm.properties";
            ClassLoader classLoader = ServerWithAnnotations.class.getClassLoader();
            URL realmProps = classLoader.getResource(realmResourceName);
            if (realmProps == null)
                throw new FileNotFoundException("Unable to find " + realmResourceName);

            HashLoginService loginService = new HashLoginService();
            loginService.setName("Test Realm");
            loginService.setConfig(realmProps.toExternalForm());
            server.addBean(loginService);
            return server;
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
        {
            int port = ExampleUtil.getPort(args, "jetty.http.port", 8080);
            Server server = createServer(port);

            server.start();
            server.dumpStdErr();
            server.join();
        }
    }

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