%   MAKE FORM LETTER for multiple receivers via
%        plain TeX, LaTeX 2.09 or LaTeX2e
%
%   written by  Zhuhan JIANG
%               University of Western Sydney
%               Parramatta NSW 2150.
%               Email: z.jiang@uws.edu.au
%
%   FILENAME:   formlett.sty
%   VERSION:    2.3  May 2003
%   COPYRIGHT:  GNU convention preferred.
%
%
%   NEW COMMANDS
%     \paras \blockparas \addressparas \PAGENO \NOPAGENUMBERS
%     \paradefaults \loaddefaultparas \delparadefaults \paranames
%     \showparas \preview \previewtrue \previewfalse \existfile
%     \localparastrue \localparasfalse  \nodefaultstrue \nodefaultsfalse
%     \beginpilemode \endpilemode \delimiters \defaultmarks \blockmarks
%     \beginblockmode \endblockmode \beginlinemode \endlinemode
%     \beginrawblockmode \endrawblockmode \beginrawlinemode \endrawlinemode
%     \beginletter \endletter \moreletter \inputletter \inputfile
%     \boxmore \textbox \addressbox \ADDRESSBOX \fillzeros
%     \beginlist \endlist \beginrawlist \endrawlist \printfile
%     \begincomment \endcomment \begincolumns \endcolumns \readstyles
%     \beginlabels \endlables \smooth \initstyle \initclass \labelsquit
%     \firstread \beginfile \endfile \checkparas \ifemptyparas \cachedata
%     \newarray \delarray \readarray \checkARRAYNAME \ifemptydata
%
%
%   NOTE
%     You only need to know a SMALL portion of the above commands
%     in order to use the style file: easy to use is our key purpose!
%
%
%   VERSION HISTORY:
%      1.0  8/93
%      1.2  10/93   major rewriting, only basic mode still
%                   compatible with 1.0;
%                   support for raw text list added
%      1.3          fixed a minor bug of 1.2;
%                   support for commenting out letters added
%      2.0  11/93   compatible with 1.2, 1.3;
%                   labels utility added; support for fixed number
%                   of parameter lines added
%      2.03 2/94    TAB char represents 8 spaces instead of 4;
%                   fixed a bug on multi-columns output
%      2.1  1/95    added parameter checker and dynamic array facilities;
%                   compatible with LaTeX2e;
%                   slight name changes: \figbox -->\textbox
%      2.2  1/95    renamed an internal command (\array) to avoid
%                   conflict with LaTex.
%      2.3  5/2003  separated programmer's manual from the style file, 
%                   added a new user manual.
%
%
%   %SIMPLE EXAMPLE in Plain TeX:
%
%       \input formlett.sty
%       \beginletter \pageno=1
%         \paras--\paras[2]--\paras[3]\par
%         \paras[1][2] -- \paras[2][2] --  \paras[4][4] -- \paras[][2]
%         \vfill\eject
%       \endletter
%       \preview
%       \moreletter % first letter
%           1-ONE;;;1-FOUR+%
%           2-ONE;2-TWO;2-THREE;++;;;4-FOUR!
%
%       \moreletter % second letter
%           1-one;1-two;1-three;1-four
%           +2-one;;2-three; ++ ;;;4-four!
%       \end
%
%
%   %TYPICAL EXAMPLE in LaTeX
%
%         \documentstyle[formlett]{article}
%         \textwidth=3.2in
%         \begin{document}
%
%         \beginletter
%         \paranames             % optional
%           \tt<<FULL NAME>>;%
%           \tt<<ADDRESS-etc>>;%
%          +\tt<<GIVEN NAME>>;%
%           \tt<<MISSING ITEM>>;%
%           \tt<<PHONE NUMBER>>!
%         \loaddefaultparas      % optional
%
%         \NOPAGENUMBERS\parindent=0pt
%         \noindent{\it\paras[1]}\par
%         \blockparas[2]\par\bigskip
%
%         Dear \paras[1][2],\par\medskip
%         We have been looking for
%         \paras[2][2] for quite a while
%         without any luck, could you help
%         us out? If so, please ring
%         \paras[3][2]. \par\medskip
%         Cheers!\hfill Michael\vfill\eject
%         \endletter
%         \preview \showparas
%
%         \paradefaults       % optional
%           To whom this may concern
%          +Sir or Madam;something;%
%           061-225-9905!
%
%
%         %\beginlabels   % optional
%             % uncomment the above line and its matching
%             % \endlabels later on, if you want to get the
%             % mailing labels.
%             % So one LaTeX run to get all the letters, and
%             % an EXTRA run to produce all the labels by
%             % activating \beginlabels
%
%
%         \blockmarks
%         \beginblockmode
%
%         Mrs L Stenson
%         \#1-20 Sunset Street
%         Hillside, Norway
%         ------                           separate groups
%         Louise
%         a Bible
%         220-8888
%         =========                        separate cluster
%
%         ......                           force entry next line
%
%         Above empty line active
%
%         \endblockmode                 comment ignored
%
%         \defaultmarks
%         \moreletter
%            S Wales,;%
%            \addressbox[2in][1em]{%
%            University of Manchester Institute
%            of Science and Technology, This is
%            a long address line: it will be
%            wrapped up automatically.}%
%          +;a \TeX\ package \gstr\ manual and
%            many more (\cstr)!
%
%         \beginlinemode
%           Z Jiang
%           UNE, Arimdale
%
%           T Ribbons
%           UMIST, Manchester
%         \endlinemode
%
%         \beginpilemode
%
%           C Anderson;42nd Street;USA+Christine;your service invoice!
%
%           D Holmes;Flat \#2, Finneybank Rd;London+David;the tax receipt;%
%              071-902 7799!
%
%         \endpilemode
%
%         %\endlabels
%             % uncomment the above line and if its matching
%             % \beginlabels is set previously for labels
%
%
%         \begincomment{}  % this is only a tip
%           % Comment out the letters that you already sent
%
%             \moreletter parameters for letter one!
%             \moreletter letter two!
%
%         \endcomment
%
%         \end{document}
%
%
%%%%%   To run the above examples, remove the first '%' character in each line
%
%
%
%
%BEGINMACROS
%
%
\ifx\ENDINPUT\undefined\else\message{skipped}\endinput\fi
%
\message{2.3 <26/5/2003>}%
%
{\catcode`\@=11\relax \def\temp@macro{\space\space\space\space}%
\wlog{\temp@macro FORMLETT version 2.3 May 2003 By Z Jiang}%
\wlog{\temp@macro University of Western Sydney, Australia}%
\wlog{\temp@macro Email: z.jiang@uws.edu.au}}%
%
%  SAVE @'s STATUS
%
\xdef\EntryFormLett{\the\catcode`\@}\catcode`\@=11\relax
\gdef\MAX@CHR@CODE{255}% maximum charcode for saving catcode
%                      % change it to 127 for TeX 2
%                      % may change it to 0 if no raw mode is to be used
%  IS LATEX ?
%
\newif\ifISLATEX
\ifx\pageno\undefined@\global\ISLATEXtrue\else\global\ISLATEXfalse\fi
%
% a private \l@@p
\def\l@@p#1\repe@t{\def\b@dy{#1}\iter@te}%
\def\iter@te{\b@dy\let\n@xt=\iter@te \else\let\n@xt=\relax\fi \n@xt}%
\let\repe@t=\fi %
%
%  NEW MEASURES etc
%
\def\new@measures{%
  \def\temp@@macro##1##2##3{\expandafter\ifx\csname ##3temp##2##1\endcsname
     \relax\edef\next{\noexpand\csname new##1\noexpand\endcsname
                      \csname ##3temp##2##1\endcsname}%
     \else\let\next\relax\fi\next}%
  \def\temp@macro##1{%
     \temp@@macro{##1}{@}{}\temp@@macro{##1}{@@}{}\temp@@macro{##1}{@@@}{}}%
  \temp@macro{count}\temp@macro{toks}\temp@macro{box}\temp@macro{read}%
  \temp@@macro{if}{@}{if}\temp@@macro{if}{@@}{if}\temp@@macro{if}{@@@}{if}%
  \def\temp@@macro##1{\expandafter\ifx\csname temp##1dim\endcsname
     \relax\edef\next{\noexpand\csname newdimen\noexpand\endcsname
                      \csname temp##1dim\endcsname}%
     \else\let\next\relax\fi\next}%
  \temp@@macro{@}\temp@@macro{@@}\temp@@macro{@@@}%
}%
\let\temp@@@macro=\wlog\def\wlog#1{}\new@measures
%
%
%%% GENERAL STACK
%
\def\make@STKcount{\csname newcount\endcsname
  \STKcount\global\STKcount=0\relax}%
\ifx\STKcount\undefined@
  \def\next{\make@STKcount}\else\def\next{}\fi
\next % ensures stack pointer not flushed if this piece of code
      % is loaded again
%
\long\def\push#1{\global\advance\STKcount1\relax
\expandafter\gdef\csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname{#1}}%
%
\def\popnil{\expandafter\let\expandafter\temp@macro
  \csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname
  \ifnum\STKcount>0\global\expandafter\let
    \csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname=\undefined@
    \global\advance\STKcount-1%
  \else
    \def\temp@macro{}\global\STKcount=0%
  \fi\relax % \temp@macro for pop
}%
%
\def\pop{\popnil\temp@macro}%
%
%
%% GET PARAMETERS
%
\long\def\get@nepara[#1][#2]{{\def\next@{#2}%
\ifx\next@\empty\push{#1}\else\push{#2}\fi}\ag@in}%
%
\long\def\get@para\left@#1\right@{%
\def\check@{%
 \ifx[\next@ \def\full@####1{\get@nepara[#1]####1}%
 \else \def\full@{\get@nepara[#1][#1]}\fi
 \full@}%
\futurelet\next@\check@}%
%
\long\def\do@nepara\left@#1\right@#2\p@r@end{%
\gdef\p@r@data{#2}\global\advance\p@r@count1\get@para\left@#1\right@}%
%
\def\ag@in{\ifx\p@r@data\empty \def\next@{\relax
\getp@r@s\run@CMD}\else
\def\next@{\expandafter\do@nepara\p@r@data\p@r@end}\fi
\next@}%
%
\def\run@CMD{\csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname}%
%
\newcount\p@r@count
\long\def\st@ckparas#1\p@r@end{%
\global\p@r@count=0\gdef\p@r@data{#1}\ag@in}%
%
%
% PARAMETER ASSIGNMENT
%
%% \newcount\temp@count
\newtoks\p@r@one \newtoks\p@r@two \newtoks\p@r@three
\newtoks\p@r@four \newtoks\p@r@five \newtoks\p@r@six
\newtoks\p@r@seven \newtoks\p@r@eight \newtoks\p@r@nine
\def\getp@r@s{\temp@count=\p@r@count
{\loop
 \ifnum\temp@count>0 %
 \expandafter\let\expandafter
 \temp@macro\csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname
 \ifcase\temp@count
 \or \global\p@r@one=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@two=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@three=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@four=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@five=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@six=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@seven=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@eight=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \or \global\p@r@nine=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
 \else \errmessage{Parameter capacity exceeded.}%
     % this should never happen:  TeX's max para no. is 9
 \fi
 \global\expandafter\let
 \csname STK\the\STKcount\string~\endcsname=\undefined@%
 \global\advance\STKcount-1%
 \global\advance\temp@count-1\relax
 \fi
 \ifnum\temp@count>0 %
\repeat}}%
%
\def\clrp@r@s{%GLOBALLY clear
\global\p@r@one={}\global\p@r@two={}\global\p@r@three={}%
\global\p@r@four={}\global\p@r@five={}\global\p@r@six={}%
\global\p@r@seven={}\global\p@r@eight={}\global\p@r@nine={}}%
% The above is the minimum for setting default parametrisation
%
%
%  ARRAY STRUCTURE
%
%   \newarray\ARRAYNAME
%   \delarray\ARRAYNAME
%
%   \ARRAYNAME(A1,..,An)={T}
%   \readarray{ARRAYNAME}{ B1 & B2 & ... & Bm }
%   \dataheight
%
%              \data(A1,...,An)=\data( A1 + (A2-1)*\dataheight +
%                                ... + (An-1)*\dataheight^{n-1} )
%                                 if \normalindextrue
%                              =\data( An + (An-1 -1)*\dataheight +
%                                ... + (A1)*\dataheight^{n-1} )
%                                 if \normalindexfalse
%
%   \checkARRAYNAME(A1,..,An)
%   \ifemptydata      valid when \checkARRAYNAME is just executed
%   \cachedata:       keeps the data of \ARRAYNAME(m)
%                     when \checkARRAYNAME(m) is executed
%
%   e.g.
%
%      \newarray\Table
%      \readarray{Table}{one&two& \unknownmacro && &six}
%      \Table(7)={seven}
%      \dataheight=0 % or 1 or < 0
%      \Table(7) = \Table(2,6,1)  % 7=1+(2-1)+(6-1)+(1-1)
%      \normalindexfalse
%      \dataheight=3
%      \Table(7) = \Table(1,7) = \Table(3,1)
%      \normalindextrue
%      \Table(7) = \Table(7,1) = \Table(1,3)
%
%      \checkTable(4) \ifemptydata (4)=empty \fi
%      \checkTable(5) \ifemptydata\else (5)=nonempty \fi
%      \ifx\cachedata\space ={\tt <space>}\fi
%      \checkTable(1000) \ifemptydata (1000)=empty \fi
%
%      \delarray\Table
%
%
\xdef\EntryArrayJob{\the\catcode`\@}\catcode`\@=11\relax
\newif\ifemptydata \newcount\dataheight
\newif\ifnormalindex \normalindexfalse
%
\newcount\array@width \newcount\index@count \newcount\index@total
\newif\ifone@VEC \newif\if@rev@index
%  \newtoks\temp@toks \newcount\temp@count
%  \newcount\temp@@count \newcount\temp@@@count
%
\long\def\assign@VEC#1(#2)=#3{\temp@count=#2 \relax
\get@max@count{total@#1}\temp@count
\expandafter\gdef\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname{#3}}
\def\get@VEC#1(#2){\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname}
\def\clrarr@y#1(#2){%
  \global\expandafter\let\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname=\undefined@}
%
\def\testarr@y#1(#2){%
  \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp@macro\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname
  \ifx\temp@macro\relax \def\temp@macro{}\fi}%
%
\def\arr@y#1(#2){\def\check@VEC{%
  \ifx=\next@VEC \def\full@VEC####1{\assign@VEC#1(#2)####1}%
  \else \def\full@VEC{\get@VEC#1(#2)}\fi \full@VEC}%check@VEC
\futurelet\next@VEC\check@VEC}
%
\def\get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark{\one@VEC#2,\safty@mark
  \def\next@@VEC{#1}\ifx\next@@VEC\empty\def\next@@VEC{\array@width}\fi
  \if@rev@index
    {\temp@count=1 \advance\index@count1 \relax
      \ifnum\index@count<\index@total
      \loop \multiply\temp@count \next@@VEC
            \advance\index@count-1 \relax
      \ifnum\index@count>0 \repeat
      \fi \global\temp@@count\temp@count }%
  \else \multiply\temp@@count \next@@VEC \fi
  \ifnum\temp@@count=0 \temp@@count=1 \relax \fi
  \advance\temp@count-1 \ifnum\temp@count<0 \temp@count=0 \fi
  \multiply\temp@count \temp@@count
  \advance\temp@@@count by \temp@count \advance\index@count1
  \ifone@VEC
    \def\next@@VEC{\index@total=\index@count \advance\temp@@@count1 }%
  \else \one@VEC#2\safty@mark \edef\next@@VEC{\noexpand\get@index(#1)%
                              \the\temp@toks\noexpand\safty@mark}%
  \fi \next@@VEC}%
%
\def\one@VEC#1,#2\safty@mark{\def\temp@macro{#2}\temp@toks={#2}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty \one@VECtrue \else \one@VECfalse \fi
  \temp@count=#1 \relax }%
%
\def\get@all@index(#1)#2\safty@mark{%
  \temp@@@count=0 \temp@@count=0 \index@count=0 \@rev@indexfalse
  \get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark
  \ifnormalindex\else
    \temp@@@count=0 \temp@@count=0 \index@count=0 \@rev@indextrue
    \get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark \fi }%
%
\def\read@array[#1]#2#3{\temp@count=1
  \def\one@item##1#1##2\safty@mark{\def\temp@macro{##2}\temp@toks={##2}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty\else
    \def\temp@macro{\one@item##2\safty@mark}\fi
    {\temp@toks={##1}\def\temp@@macro{\arr@y{#2}(\the\temp@count)=}%
     \expandafter\temp@@macro\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}}%
  \expandafter\edef\csname total@#2\endcsname{\the\temp@count}%
  \advance\temp@count1 \temp@macro}%
  \one@item#3#1\safty@mark }%
%
\def\strip@esc#1{\temp@count=\escapechar \escapechar=-1 %
  \temp@toks=\expandafter{\string#1}\escapechar\temp@count}
\def\get@max@count#1#2{\edef\temp@macro{\csname #1\endcsname}%
  \ifnum\temp@macro<#2 \expandafter\xdef\csname #1\endcsname{\the#2}\fi}%
%
\def\newarray#1{\strip@esc{#1}%
  \expandafter\gdef\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname{0}%
  \expandafter\edef\csname\the\temp@toks\endcsname(##1)%
    {\noexpand\get@all@index(\noexpand\dataheight)##1\noexpand\safty@mark
%     \noexpand\get@max@count{total@\the\temp@toks}\noexpand\temp@@@count
     \noexpand\arr@y{\the\temp@toks}(\noexpand\the\noexpand\temp@@@count)}%
  \expandafter\edef\csname check\the\temp@toks\endcsname(##1)%
    {\noexpand\get@all@index(\noexpand\dataheight)##1\noexpand\safty@mark
     \noexpand\testarr@y{\the\temp@toks}(\noexpand\the
     \noexpand\temp@@@count)\noexpand\let\noexpand\cachedata
     \noexpand\temp@macro\noexpand\ifx\noexpand\temp@macro\noexpand\empty
     \noexpand\emptydatatrue\noexpand\else\noexpand\emptydatafalse
     \noexpand\fi}}%
%
\def\delarray#1{\strip@esc{#1}% delete array globally
  \temp@count=0 \temp@@count=\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname
   \loop \expandafter\global\expandafter\let
      \csname\the\temp@toks\string~\endcsname\undefined@
    \advance\temp@count1 %
   \ifnum\temp@count<\temp@@count \repeat % global loop for less memory
  \global\expandafter\let\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@
  \global\expandafter\let\csname \the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@
  \global\expandafter\let\csname check\the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@ }%
%
\def\readarray#1#2{\read@array[&]{#1}{#2}}%
%
\catcode`\@=\EntryArrayJob\relax
%
%
%  EXIST FILE ?
%
% \temp@iftrue if the file #1 exist when tested via \existfile{#1}%
% \newread\temp@read
\def\existfile#1{\temp@iftrue
\openin\temp@read=#1\relax
\ifeof\temp@read \temp@iffalse \fi \closein\temp@read}%
%
%  RAW CHARACTERS
%
\def\raw@chars[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5]{%
   % #1=11, #2=\`=12, #3=^^I=10, #4=char32=10, #5=^^M=5
   % all chars of catcode 11 or 12 are NOT changed
  \temp@count=-1\relax %
  \l@@p \advance\temp@count1\relax %
     \temp@@count=\the\catcode\temp@count \relax
     \ifnum\temp@@count=11 \else
        \ifnum\temp@@count=12 \else
        \catcode\temp@count=11\relax \fi\fi
  \ifnum\temp@count<\MAX@CHR@CODE\repe@t %
  \catcode`\%=#1\catcode`\^=#1\catcode`\_=#1%
  \catcode`\&=#1\catcode`\$=#1\catcode`\#=#1%
  \catcode`\{=#1\catcode`\}=#1\catcode`\@=#1%
  \catcode`\~=#1\catcode`\\=#1%
  \catcode`\`=#2\catcode`\^^I=#3\catcode`\ =#4%
  \catcode`\^^M=#5\relax %
}%
%
\chardef\temp@char=`\`\catcode`\`=13\relax
\def\rm@ligature{\def`{\null\string`}}%
\catcode\temp@char=12\relax
%
\catcode`\^^I=13\relax%
\def\set@tab{\def^^I{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}\catcode`\^^I=10\relax%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax\def\set@cr{\def^^M{\par}}\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
\catcode`\ =13\relax\def\set@space{\def {\ }}\catcode`\ =10\relax%
%
% TEST EMPTY LINE
%
\catcode`\ =13\relax% space active
%
% Delete leading spaces (catcode=13)
% Throw the rest to \temp@macro
\long\def\del@truespaces#1#2\s@fetymark{\temp@iffalse%
\def\temp@macro{#1}\def\one@space{ }\def\temp@@macro{}%
\ifx\temp@macro\one@space%  front spaces not allowed
\def\temp@macro{#2}%
\ifx\temp@macro\empty\temp@iftrue%
\else\def\temp@@macro{\del@truespaces#2\s@fetymark}\fi%
\fi%
\temp@@macro}%
%
\catcode`\ =10\relax%
%
% \temp@iftrue if empty line,
% \temp@macro holds nonspace part (space catcode=13 or normal)
\long\def\is@emptyline#1{\def\one@space{ }%
  \def\temp@macro{#1}\def\temp@@macro{}\temp@iftrue
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty
  \else \ifx\temp@macro\one@space
        \else \def\temp@@macro{\del@truespaces#1\s@fetymark}%
        \fi
  \fi
\temp@@macro}%
%
%  TEST STRING
%
%% \newif\iftemp@if \newtoks\temp@toks
% return \iftemp@iftrue if yes,
%        \first@half,\second@half are global
\long\def\test@str#1#2{%
  \long\def\strip@endmark##1\s@fetymarkI#1\s@fetymark{%
    \gdef\second@half{##1}}%
  \long\def\strip@markI##1\s@fetymarkI\s@fetymark{%
    \gdef\first@half{##1}}%
  \long\def\p@rse##1#1##2\s@fetymark{%
    \gdef\first@half{##1}%
    \gdef\second@half{##2}%
    \ifx\second@half\empty
       \strip@markI##1\s@fetymark \temp@iffalse
    \else
       \strip@endmark##2\s@fetymark \temp@iftrue
    \fi}%
  \temp@toks={#2\s@fetymarkI#1\s@fetymark}%
  \expandafter\p@rse\the\temp@toks }%
%
% #1 supposed to a toks register
\long\def\test@tokstr#1#2{% #1 =toks
   \temp@toks={#2}%
   \edef\temp@macro{\noexpand\test@str{#1}{\the\temp@toks}}%
   \temp@macro }%
%
%  MAKE ESCAPE CHAR
%
% \esc@=the character '\' of catcode 11
\newtoks\name@endtoks \newtoks\true@endtoks
\catcode`\*=0\relax *catcode`*\=11*relax
*gdef*esc@{\}%*name@endtoks={\endrawlist}%
*catcode`*\=0*relax \catcode`\*=12\relax
%
%
% TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY / LETTER PARAMETER STACKS
%
\def\stack@num@twodim[#1]{\temp@count=-1%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname #1*0\string~\endcsname\undefined@
    \temp@count=0\fi
  \expandafter\ifx\csname #1*0\string~\endcsname\relax
     \temp@count=0\fi \relax
  \ifnum\temp@count<0
     \temp@count=\csname #1*0\string~\endcsname \relax
  \else  \expandafter\gdef
     \csname #1*0\string~\endcsname{0}%
  \fi }%
%
%
\newcount\R@Wcount \R@Wcount=0
\newcount\R@Dcount \R@Dcount=0
\newif\ifload@defaults \load@defaultsfalse % i.e. to LET stack (not DEF)
%
\long\def\rowpush#1{%
\ifload@defaults     % for default para stack
  \ifnum\R@Dcount>0\else \global\R@Dcount=1 \fi
  \stack@num@twodim[DEF\the\R@Dcount]%
  \advance\temp@count1\relax
  \expandafter\gdef
  \csname DEF\the\R@Dcount*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname{#1}%
  \expandafter\xdef\csname DEF\the\R@Dcount*0\string~\endcsname
  {\the\temp@count}%
\else
  \ifnum\R@Wcount>0\else \global\R@Wcount=1 \fi
  \stack@num@twodim[LET\the\R@Wcount]%
  \advance\temp@count1\relax
  \expandafter\gdef
  \csname LET\the\R@Wcount*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname{#1}%
  \expandafter\xdef\csname LET\the\R@Wcount*0\string~\endcsname
  {\the\temp@count}%
\fi
}%
%
\def\clr@row{%
\ifload@defaults     % for default para stack
  \stack@num@twodim[DEF\the\R@Dcount]%
  {\loop \ifnum\temp@count>0\relax
    \global\expandafter\let
    \csname DEF\the\R@Dcount*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname=\undefined@%
    \advance\temp@count-1\relax \fi
  \ifnum\temp@count>0 \repeat}%
  \global\expandafter\let
  \csname DEF\the\R@Dcount*0\string~\endcsname=\undefined@
\else
  \stack@num@twodim[LET\the\R@Wcount]%
  {\loop \ifnum\temp@count>0\relax
    \global\expandafter\let
    \csname LET\the\R@Wcount*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname=\undefined@%
    \advance\temp@count-1\relax \fi
  \ifnum\temp@count>0 \repeat}%
  \global\expandafter\let
  \csname LET\the\R@Wcount*0\string~\endcsname=\undefined@
\fi
}%
%
\def\clr@allrows{%
\ifload@defaults
% for default para stack
   {\loop \ifnum\R@Dcount>0\relax {\clr@row}%
    \global\advance\R@Dcount-1\relax \fi
    \ifnum\R@Dcount>0 \repeat}%
  \global\R@Dcount=0\relax
\else
  {\loop \ifnum\R@Wcount>0\relax {\clr@row}%
   \global\advance\R@Wcount-1\relax \fi
   \ifnum\R@Wcount>0 \repeat}%
  \global\R@Wcount=0\relax
\fi
}%
%
%  LOAD DEFAULT
%  update paras in LET array with defaults in DEF array
%
% \newtoks\temp@toks
\newif\ifnodefaults  \nodefaultsfalse
\def\sub@loop{% \sub@loop is always called via {\sub@loop}
  \loop  % inner loop: reverse order
  \temp@@count=0 % flag -> not counter: 0=no need for updating
  \expandafter\ifx\csname LET\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count
  \string~\endcsname\undefined@ \temp@@count=1\fi
  \expandafter\ifx\csname LET\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count
  \string~\endcsname\relax \temp@@count=1\fi\relax
  %
  \expandafter\ifx\csname LET\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count
  \string~\endcsname\trivi@l \temp@@count=1\fi\relax
  %
   \ifnum\temp@@count>0
   \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp@macro
     \csname DEF\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname
   \temp@toks=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
     \ifx\temp@macro\relax \global\expandafter\let
       \csname LET\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname
        =\undefined@
     \else \expandafter\xdef
        \csname LET\the\temp@@@count*\the\temp@count\string~\endcsname
         {\the\temp@toks}\fi
   \fi
  \advance\temp@count-1\relax
  \ifnum\temp@count>0
  \repeat}% for speed
%
% above macro not to stand alone
% it is removed from \loaddefaultparas for better speed
%
\def\loaddefaultparas{%
\ifnodefaults\else % active only if \nodefaultsfalse
  \def\trivi@l{\b@group\relax\e@group}% == empty parameter
  \temp@count=\R@Wcount
  {\loop % legalise LET array's extension
    \advance\temp@count1\relax
    \ifnum\temp@count>\R@Dcount\else
    \expandafter\xdef
    \csname LET\the\temp@count*0\string~\endcsname{0}\fi
    \ifnum\temp@count<\R@Dcount \repeat}%
  \ifnum\R@Wcount<\R@Dcount \global\R@Wcount=\R@Dcount \fi
%
  \temp@@@count=1 % row counter
  {\loop
    \stack@num@twodim[DEF\the\temp@@@count]%
    \temp@@count=\temp@count\relax
    \stack@num@twodim[LET\the\temp@@@count]%
    \ifnum\temp@count<\temp@@count \temp@count=\temp@@count\relax \fi
  % update LET array's counter
    \expandafter\xdef
      \csname LET\the\temp@@@count*0\string~\endcsname{\the\temp@count}%
  % now \temp@count is current max row width
    {\sub@loop}%   update a row
    \advance\temp@@@count 1\relax
    \ifnum\temp@@@count>\R@Wcount\temp@@count=0\else\temp@@count=1\fi
    \relax
  \ifnum\temp@@count>0 \repeat}%
\fi  % of \ifnodefaults
}%
%
%  HOUSE KEEPING
%
\newif\ifshowp@r@ \showp@r@true % default mode
\def\show@paras{\showp@r@true\lettercontents}%
\def\showparas{\show@paras}%
%
\def\b@group{\iflocalparas\bgroup\fi}%
\def\e@group{\iflocalparas\egroup\fi}%
%
\long\def\lettercontents{}%
%
\def\inputletter#1{\save@catcodes[OLD][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][/13/]\beginletter
  \save@catcodes[TMP][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][]\get@catcodes[OLD]\existfile{#1}%
  \iftemp@if \input#1%
  \else \immediate\write16{Letter File <#1> not found.}\fi
  \get@catcodes[TMP]\endletter}%
%
\def\inputfile#1{\relax\existfile{#1}\iftemp@if
  \input#1 \else \immediate\write16{File <#1> not found.}\fi
  \relax}%
%
\def\preview{\preview@}%
%
%
%  PAGE NUMBER
%  for both TeX and LaTeX
%
\ifISLATEX
  \let\PAGENO=\c@page \def\NOPAGENUMBERS{\pagestyle{empty}}\else
  \let\PAGENO=\pageno \let\NOPAGENUMBERS=\nopagenumbers \fi
%
%
%  SINGLE PARAMETER
%
\def\paras{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\rowcolp@r@s[\the\p@r@two][\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@1\right@\left@1\right@\p@r@end}%
%
% NOTE:
%  1. default parameters are enclosed between \left@ and \right@,
%     and is supplied after \st@ckparas. All defaults (may be empty) must
%     be supplied.
%  2. \rowcolp@r@s is the name of the macro that  doesn't take defaults
%  3. \the\p@r@one, .., \the\p@r@nine represent #1,.., #9 .
%  4. \paras is the new macro that behaves like \rowcolp@r@s but now
%     takes defaults
%  5. change accordingly if one wants to implement defaults to other
%     existing macros.
%  6. limitation: '[' and ']' are now not allowed as macro parameters.
%
%
\def\rowcolp@r@s[#1][#2]{%
  \ifpreview {\leavevmode
  \boxmore[1pt]{\boxmore[3pt]{\hbox
  {\font\tiny@rm=cmr5\tiny@rm ~#1 -- #2~}}}}\relax
  \else \csname LET#1*#2\string~\endcsname \fi}%
%
%
%  GET \paras[m][n] AND TEST EMPTYNESS
%      \checkparas[m][n]{T} stores true content of \Tm*n~ into \cachedata
%      and set \ifemptyparas to true if the content is empty
%
%  Typical use:  \checkparas[m][n]{LET}  \checkparas[m][n]{DEF}
%
\newif\ifemptyparas
\def\check@@paras[#1][#2]#3{%
  \expandafter\let\expandafter\cachedata\csname #3#1*#2\string~\endcsname
  \ifx\cachedata\relax \def\cachedata{}\else
  \temp@toks=\expandafter{\cachedata}%
  \def\cachedata\b@group\relax##1\e@group\safty@mark{\def\cachedata{##1}}%
  \expandafter\cachedata\the\temp@toks\safty@mark \fi
  \ifx\cachedata\empty\emptyparastrue\else\emptyparasfalse\fi}%
\def\check@paras[#1][#2]#{\check@@paras[#1][#2]}%
\def\checkparas{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\check@paras[\the\p@r@two][\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@1\right@\left@1\right@\p@r@end}%
%
%
%  ADDRESS BOXES
%
% \newbox\temp@box\newdimen\temp@dim
\long\def\fig@box[#1]#2{%#1=width of box
  \setbox\temp@box=\vbox{\hsize #1\noindent\strut #2\strut}%
  \temp@dim=\ht\temp@box
  \advance\temp@dim\dp\temp@box\advance\temp@dim-2ex
  \dp\temp@box=\temp@dim\ht\temp@box=2ex\box\temp@box}%
%
\long\def\textbox{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\fig@box[\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@8truecm\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\ifx\figbox\undefined@\let\figbox\textbox\fi % compatibility with ver 2.03
%
\long\def\box@more[#1]#2{\vbox{\hrule\hbox{\vrule\kern#1\vbox
  {\kern#1\hbox{#2}\kern#1}\kern#1\vrule}\hrule}}%
%
\long\def\boxmore{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\box@more[\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@3pt\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\long\def\address@box[#1][#2]#3{%
  \noindent\hskip#2\textbox[#1]{\hskip-#2\relax #3}}%
%
\long\def\addressbox{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\address@box%
  [\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]}%
  \popnil\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@8truecm\right@\left@1.5em\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\long\def\ADDRESSBOX#1#2#3{% intended for \blockparas
  \noindent\hskip#2\textbox[#1]{\hskip-#2\relax #3}}%
%
%
% BLOCKPARAS and ADDRESSPARAS
%
\newcount\blockC@Lcount \newcount\blockT@Pcount
\long\def\block@paras[#1][#2][#3][#4]{% #2-th group, from #1 to end,
    % each para is surrounded by #3 from left and #4 from right
    % If #4=\relax, an extra {} is applied to the \paras so that
    % #3 may be a macro acting on the \paras
  \def\next@one{#2}\def\next@two{#1}\def\next@three{#3}\def\next@four{#4}%
  \ifx\next@one\empty\def\next@one{1}\fi
  \ifx\next@two\empty\def\next@two{1}\fi
  \ifpreview {\leavevmode % three line border box
    \boxmore[1pt]{\boxmore[1pt]{\boxmore[3pt]{\hbox
    {\font\tiny@rm=cmr5\tiny@rm \font\small@tt=cmtt8%
    ~\next@one ~-- \next@two~(+):~
    \small@tt\meaning\next@three
    ~<<paras>> \meaning\next@four}}}}}\relax
  \else
    \blockC@Lcount=-1%
    \expandafter\ifx\csname LET\next@one*0\string~\endcsname\undefined@
        \blockC@Lcount=0\fi
    \expandafter\ifx\csname LET\next@one*0\string~\endcsname\relax
  \blockC@Lcount=0\fi \relax
  \ifnum\blockC@Lcount<0
     \blockC@Lcount=\csname LET\next@one*0\string~\endcsname\relax \fi
  \blockT@Pcount=\next@two
  \advance\blockT@Pcount by-1\relax
  \l@@p   % not to be grouped
     \advance\blockT@Pcount1\relax
     \ifnum\blockT@Pcount>\blockC@Lcount\else
      \def\temp@macro{\relax}% some overhead, but safer
      \ifx\next@four\temp@macro % add {} to \paras, so that a macro can act
                          % on the whole \paras
      \next@three{\csname LET\next@one*\the\blockT@Pcount\string~\endcsname}%
      \else
      \next@three\csname LET\next@one*\the\blockT@Pcount
         \string~\endcsname\next@four
      \fi
   \fi
  \ifnum\blockT@Pcount<\blockC@Lcount\repe@t
\fi}%
%
%
\def\blockparas{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\block@paras[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]%
  [\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@1\right@\left@1\right@%
  \left@\noindent\right@\left@\par\right@\p@r@end}%
%
%
\long\def\address@paras[#1][#2][#3][#4]{%
  \block@paras[#1][#2][\par\noindent\ADDRESSBOX{#3}{#4}][\relax]\par}%
%
\def\addressparas{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\address@paras[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]%
  [\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@1\right@\left@1\right@%
  \left@8truecm\right@\left@1.5em\right@\p@r@end}%
%
%
% MAIN PROCESSING MACRO
%
\newif\ifconti@one \newif\ifconti@two
\newif\ifl@stline \newif\ifl@stLINE
\newif\ifpreview  \previewfalse
\newif\iflocalparas \localparastrue
%
\newtoks\name@paratoks  \name@paratoks={;}%
\newtoks\name@grouptoks  \name@grouptoks={+}%
\newtoks\name@clustertoks \name@clustertoks={!}%
%
%
\long\def\delimiters#1#2#3{%  LONG MACRO
%
%%%% MAIN GET: get a group of parameters from a cluster
%
\long\def\refillst@ck##1#3{\def\d@t@one{##1#3}%
  {\loop\conti@onefalse
  \ifx\d@t@one\undefined@ \else \@ddoneline\conti@onetrue\fi
  \ifconti@one\repeat}}%
%
\long\def\testl@stline##1#2##2#3##3\s@fetymark{%
  \def\next{##2}\ifx\next\empty
  \l@stlinetrue \else \l@stlinefalse \fi
  \def\next{##3}\def\nextsample{#2#3}%
  \ifx\next\nextsample\l@stlinefalse\fi}%
%
\long\def\l@stline##1#3{{\sub@fill{##1}}\let\d@t@one=\undefined@}%
\long\def\onem@reline##1#2##2#3{{\sub@fill{##1}}\def\d@t@one{##2#3}}%
%
\long\def\@ddoneline{\temp@toks=\expandafter{\d@t@one}%
  \expandafter\testl@stline\the\temp@toks#2#3\s@fetymark
  \ifl@stline \expandafter\l@stline\the\temp@toks
  \else \expandafter\onem@reline\the\temp@toks \fi}%
%
%%%% SUB GET : get parameters from a group
%
\long\def\sub@fill##1{%
  \ifload@defaults \global\advance\R@Dcount by 1\else
  \global\advance\R@Wcount by 1\fi\relax
  \clr@row\def\d@t@two{\relax##1#3}%  %%care: extra \relax added
  {\loop\conti@twofalse
  \ifx\d@t@two\undefined@ \else \@ddoneLINE\conti@twotrue\fi
  \ifconti@two\repeat}}%
%
\long\def\moreletter##1#3{\showp@r@false
  \clr@allrows\refillst@ck##1#3\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
%
\def\endletter{\relax}%
\long\def\true@letter##1\endletter{\long\def
  \lettercontents{\begingroup\catcode`\^^M=5\relax
  \def\pstr{#1}\def\gstr{#2}\def\cstr{#3}\relax##1\relax\endgroup}}%
\let\beginletter\true@letter
%
\long\def\testl@stLINE##1#1##2#3##3\s@fetymark{%
  \def\next{##2}\ifx\next\empty%
  \l@stLINEtrue \else \l@stLINEfalse \fi%
  \def\next{##3}\def\nextsample{#1#3}%
  \ifx\next\nextsample\l@stLINEfalse\fi}%
%
\long\def\l@stLINE##1#3{%
  \rowpush{\b@group##1\e@group}\let\d@t@two=\undefined@}%
  \long\def\onem@reLINE##1#1##2#3{%
  \rowpush{\b@group##1\e@group}\def\d@t@two{\relax##2#3}}%%care
%
\long\def\@ddoneLINE{\temp@toks=\expandafter{\d@t@two}%
  \expandafter\testl@stLINE\the\temp@toks#1#3\s@fetymark%
  \ifl@stLINE\expandafter\l@stLINE\the\temp@toks %
  \else \expandafter\onem@reLINE\the\temp@toks \fi}%
%
\def\para@names{\ifshowp@r@
  \def\next@@{{\load@defaultsfalse\clr@allrows}\refillst@ck}\else
  \long\def\next@@####1#3{\relax}\fi \next@@}%
%
\long\def\para@defaults##1#3{\load@defaultstrue
  \clr@allrows\refillst@ck##1#3\load@defaultsfalse}%
%
\def\preview@{{\previewtrue\moreletter #3}}%
%
\long\def\out@letter##1#3{\showp@r@false\clr@allrows
   \refillst@ck##1#3\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true
   \pile@letters}%
%
\name@paratoks={#1}\name@grouptoks={#2}\name@clustertoks={#3}%
%
}%    END OF LONG MACRO
%
\long\def\paranames#1!{\ifshowp@r@
   \begingroup\delimiters{;}{+}{!}\para@names#1!\endgroup\fi}%
\long\def\paradefaults#1!{%
   \begingroup\delimiters{;}{+}{!}\para@defaults#1!\endgroup}%
%
\def\delparadefaults{{\load@defaultstrue\clr@allrows}}%
%
\def\defaultmarks{\delimiters{;}{+}{!}}%
\def\blockmarks{\delimiters{....}{----}{====}}%
%
%
%  TEST MACRO
%
% test if a token is a macro
% \newif\iftemp@if
\def\sub@ismacro#1#2#3#4#5#6#7\s@fetymark{%  check only 'm,c,:'
   \if#1m\else\temp@iffalse\fi  %   \if#2a\else\temp@iffalse\fi
   \if#3c\else\temp@iffalse\fi  %   \if#4r\else\temp@iffalse\fi
   \if#6:\else\temp@iffalse\fi }%   \if#5o\else\temp@iffalse\fi
%
\def\ismacro#1#2\s@fetymark{%\expandafter\ismacro\meaning\token\s@fetymark
   \temp@iftrue
   \if#1\esc@\else
     \sub@ismacro#1#2\s@fetymark
   \fi }%
%
\long\def\del@token#1{}%
\def\del@space#1 {}%
%
%  PILEMODE: the basic mode
%
\def\pile@letters{%
\def\check@{%
  \def\buffer@{\out@letter}%
  \def\one@space{ }%
  \expandafter\ismacro\meaning\next@\s@fetymark %
  \ifx\next@\undefined@\temp@iftrue \fi %
  \iftemp@if %
       \ifx\par\next@ \def\buffer@{\expandafter\pile@letters\del@token}%
            \else \ifx\endpilemode\next@\def\buffer@{}\fi %
       \fi %
  \else %
       \if\one@space\next@%
            \def\buffer@{\expandafter\pile@letters\del@space}%
       \fi %
  \fi\buffer@}%
\futurelet\next@\check@}%
%
\def\beginpilemode{\showp@r@false
  \def\preview{}\def\showparas{}\pile@letters}%
\def\endpilemode{%
  \def\preview{\preview@}\def\showparas{\show@paras}\showp@r@true}%
%
%
%  LINEMODE: cr separate paras, empty line eject letter
%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax%
%
% remove empty or space only lines, then control to \line@chkline
\long\def\line@curbfront#1^^M{%
  \is@emptyline{#1}%
  \iftemp@if \def\buffer@{\line@curbfront}%
  \else \def\buffer@{\line@chkline#1^^M}% control to \line@chkline
  \fi \buffer@ }%
%
% \newtoks\temp@@toks
% \name@endtoks and \true\end@toks must be given on entry
\long\def\line@chkline#1^^M{%
  \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{#1}%
  \iftemp@if %
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if\else%
        \expandafter\rowpush\expandafter{\expandafter%
           \b@group\expandafter\relax\the\temp@toks\e@group}%
     \fi%
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if \temp@toks={}\fi%
     \iftemp@if\else %
       {\is@rawmode9/1/13/13/1/13/32/1/13/96/1/13/0/0/0/%
        \iftemp@if \message{<!>}\let\ =\space %
        \wlog{(Verbatim: \second@half)}\fi}\fi%
     \ifnum\R@Wcount=0\temp@@toks={}\else%
       \temp@@toks={\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
     \fi%
     \edef\buffer@{\the\temp@@toks\the\true@endtoks\the\temp@toks}%
  \else %
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if%
       \temp@@toks={\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
       \edef\buffer@{\the\temp@@toks\noexpand\line@curbfront}%
     \else%
        \expandafter\rowpush\expandafter{\expandafter%
           \b@group\expandafter\relax\the\temp@toks\e@group}%
        \let\buffer@=\line@chkline%
     \fi%
  \fi  \buffer@%
}%
%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
% NORMAL LINEMODE HANDLER
%
\def\beginlinemode{%
  \true@endtoks={\endlinemode}%
  \name@endtoks={\endlinemode}\showp@r@false\catcode`\^^M=13\relax  %
  \def\preview{}\def\showparas{}\clr@allrows\line@curbfront }%
%
\def\endlinemode{\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%\defaultmarks
  \def\preview{\preview@}\def\showparas{\show@paras}\showp@r@true }%
%
% RAW TEXT LINEMODE HANDLER
%
\def\endrawlinemode{\get@catcodes[RAW]\showp@r@true}%
\def\beginrawlinemode#{\begin@rawlinemode}%
\def\begin@rawlinemode#1{\save@catcodes[RAW][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][]%
  \def\temp@macro{#1}%     #1=token to end the list
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\esc@}%
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\the\temp@toks endrawlinemode}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#1}%
  \fi
  \true@endtoks={\endlinemode\endrawlinemode}%
  \rm@ligature\set@space\set@tab\raw@chars[11][13][13][13][13]%
  \showp@r@false\clr@allrows\line@curbfront }%
%
%
%  BLOCKMODE: cr separate paras
%
%   line containing '+' (\name@grouptoks) separates groups
%   line containing '!' (\name@clustertoks) separates clusters
%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax%
%
% remove empty or space only lines, then control to \block@chkline
\long\def\block@curbfront#1^^M{%
  \is@emptyline{#1}%
  \iftemp@if \let\buffer@=\block@curbfront %
  \else \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{#1}%
    \iftemp@if \def\buffer@{\block@chkline#1^^M}%
    \else \test@tokstr{\the\name@clustertoks}{#1}%
       \iftemp@if \let\buffer@=\block@curbfront%
       \else \test@tokstr{\the\name@grouptoks}{#1}%
         \iftemp@if \def\buffer@{\block@chkline#1^^M}%
         \else \test@tokstr{\the\name@paratoks}{#1}%
           \iftemp@if \let\buffer@=\block@chkline%
           \else \def\buffer@{\block@chkline#1^^M}% control to \block@chkline
           \fi %
         \fi %
      \fi%
    \fi %
  \fi \buffer@ }%
%
% \name@endtoks and \true\end@toks must be given on entry
\long\def\block@chkline#1^^M{%
  \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{#1}%
  \iftemp@if %
     \ifnum\R@Wcount=0%
        \temp@toks={\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
     \else%
        \temp@toks={\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
     \fi%
     \edef\buffer@{\the\temp@toks\the\true@endtoks}%
  \else %
     \test@tokstr{\the\name@clustertoks}{#1}%
     \iftemp@if%
        \def\buffer@{\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows%
             \showp@r@true\block@curbfront}%
     \else%
        \test@tokstr{\the\name@grouptoks}{#1}%
        \iftemp@if%
           \ifnum\R@Wcount<1\global\R@Wcount=1\relax\fi %
           \global\advance\R@Wcount1\relax%
        \else%
           \rowpush{\b@group\relax#1\e@group}%
        \fi%
        \let\buffer@=\block@chkline %
     \fi%
  \fi \buffer@%
}%
%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
% NORMAL BLOCKMODE HANDLER
%
\def\beginblockmode{%
  \true@endtoks={\endblockmode}%
  \name@endtoks={\endblockmode}\showp@r@false\catcode`\^^M=13\relax  %
  \def\preview{}\def\showparas{}\clr@allrows\block@curbfront }%
%
\def\endblockmode{\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%\defaultmarks
  \def\preview{\preview@}\def\showparas{\show@paras}\showp@r@true }%
%
% RAW TEXT BLOCKMODE HANDLER
%
\def\endrawblockmode{\get@catcodes[RAW]\showp@r@true}%
\def\beginrawblockmode#{\begin@rawblockmode}%
\def\begin@rawblockmode#1{\save@catcodes[RAW][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][]%
  \def\temp@macro{#1}%     #1=token to end the list
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\esc@}%
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\the\temp@toks endrawblockmode}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#1}%
  \fi
  \true@endtoks={\endblockmode\endrawblockmode}%
  \rm@ligature\set@space\set@tab\raw@chars[11][13][13][13][13]%
  \showp@r@false \clr@allrows\block@curbfront }%
%
%
%  DATAMODE:  every <m> lines eject a letter (raw tex mode)
%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax %
\newcount\data@count %
%
% \name@endtoks and \true\end@toks must be given on entry
\long\def\data@chkline#1^^M{\test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{#1}%
  \iftemp@if % \first@half is raw text
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
     \temp@@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
     \edef\temp@macro{\the\temp@toks\the\temp@@toks}%
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if \else\message{<!>}\let\ =\space %
       \wlog{(Ignored: \first@half<->\second@half)}\fi %
     \ifnum\R@Wcount=0\temp@@toks={}\else%
       \ifnum\R@Wcount=\total@data@num\else \message{<!>}%
          \wlog{(Number of data lines at odds)}\fi %
       \temp@@toks={\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
     \fi%
     \edef\buffer@{\the\temp@@toks\the\true@endtoks}%
  \else %
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}\advance\data@count1 %
     \expandafter\rowpush\expandafter{\expandafter%
           \b@group\expandafter\relax\the\temp@toks\e@group}%
     \ifnum\data@count<\total@data@num %
        \let\buffer@=\data@chkline%
     \else \data@count=0 %
       \temp@@toks={\showp@r@false\lettercontents\clr@allrows\showp@r@true}%
       \edef\buffer@{\the\temp@@toks\noexpand\data@chkline}%
     \fi%
  \fi \buffer@ }%
%
\def\begindatamode{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\begin@datamode[\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\def\begin@datamode[#1]#{\begin@@datamode[#1]}%
\def\begin@@datamode[#1]#2{\save@catcodes[RAW][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][]%
%    #1=token to end the list,  #2=number of lines for each block
  \edef\total@data@num{#2}\def\temp@macro{#1}%
  \ifx\total@data@num\empty \def\total@data@num{1}\fi %
  \ifnum\total@data@num<1 \def\total@data@num{1}\fi %
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty %
     \temp@toks=\expandafter{\esc@}%
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\the\temp@toks enddatamode}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#1}\fi %
  \true@endtoks={\endlinemode\endrawlinemode}%
  \rm@ligature\set@space\set@tab\raw@chars[11][13][13][13][13]%
  \showp@r@false\clr@allrows\data@count=0 %
  \def\temp@macro##1^^M{%
     \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
     \iftemp@if\else \temp@toks={##1}%
       \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
       \iftemp@if\else \message{<!>}\let\ =\space %
          \wlog{(Ignored: ##1)}\fi %
     \fi %
     \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
     \iftemp@if \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
        \temp@@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
        \edef\temp@@macro{\noexpand\data@chkline %
           \the\temp@toks\the\name@endtoks\the\temp@@toks\noexpand^^M}%
     \else\def\temp@@macro{\data@chkline}\fi\temp@@macro }%
  \temp@macro }%
%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
%
%  BASIC SETUP
%
\new@measures
\defaultmarks      % set up the default delimiters
%
%
%  RAW TEXT LISTING and MORE ON MACRO PARAMETER DEFAULTING
%
%
%  FLUSH ZEROS  \fillzeros[<WIDTH>]<NUMBER>
%
%% \newcount\temp@count \newcount\temp@@count
\def\fillzeros[#1]#2{\temp@@count=#2\relax
  \ifnum\temp@@count<0 \temp@@count=-\temp@@count\fi
  \temp@count=1\relax
  {\loop\ifnum\temp@@count<10 \else
    \global\divide\temp@@count by 10 \global\advance\temp@count by 1 \fi
    \ifnum\temp@@count=10\relax\global\temp@@count=11\relax\fi
    \ifnum\temp@@count>10 \repeat}%
  \ifnum#2<0 \advance\temp@count1\relax-\fi
  {\loop\ifnum\temp@count<#1\relax0\advance\temp@count1\fi
  \ifnum\temp@count<#1 \repeat}%
  \temp@@count=#2\relax\ifnum\temp@@count<0 \temp@@count=-\temp@@count\fi
  \the\temp@@count}%
%
%
% BEGINLIST--ENDLIST:    activate  <space> and <linebreak>
%
\catcode`\^^M=13%
\newcount\linecount\global\linecount=1%
{\obeyspaces\gdef {\ }}%
%
%
%
%  \name@endtoks: token to end the list
%  \true@endtoks: tokens to be executed at the end
%  \name@endtoks and \true@endtoks must be defined on entry
%  \no@emptylinefalse: the first or the last line empty
%
\newif\ifno@emptyline         % iftemp@if
\newif\ifprint@file \global\print@filefalse  %
\def\begin@list[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]{%
  \global\linecount=#1\catcode`\^^M=13\no@emptylinetrue %
  \ifprint@file \def^^M{\put@linenumber}\else\def^^M{\par}\fi %
  \def\put@linenumber{\par\noindent\hbox to #5{}%
       \rlap{\hskip-1em\hskip#6%
       \ifnum#3>0\relax\hbox to0em{\hss#4\fillzeros[#3]\linecount~~}\fi}%
       \global\advance\linecount#2\relax}%
  \def\out@aline{%
    \ifno@emptyline %
       \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\first@half}%
       \ifprint@file \temp@@iffalse \else\temp@@iftrue \fi %
    \else \temp@iffalse \temp@@iftrue %
    \fi \no@emptylinefalse%
    \iftemp@if \else %
       \iftemp@@if \put@linenumber \fi %
       \first@half \par %    extra \par is absorbed, put here for last line
    \fi }%
  \def\readyt@quit{\no@emptylinetrue%
    {\is@rawmode9/1/13/13/1/13/32/1/13/96/1/13/0/0/0/%
      \iftemp@if \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\second@half}%
       \iftemp@if\else\message{<!>}\let\ =\space %
        \wlog{(Verbatim: \second@half)}\fi\fi}%
    \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
    \temp@@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
    \edef\first@half{\the\temp@toks\the\temp@@toks}\out@aline %
    \edef\temp@macro{\the\true@endtoks}%
    \temp@macro  %   \second@half removed
    }%
  \def\moret@get{\out@aline\get@phys@line}%
  \long\def\get@phys@line##1^^M{%
    \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
    \iftemp@if \let\temp@macro=\readyt@quit
    \else \let\temp@macro=\moret@get %
    \fi %
    \temp@macro }%
  \catcode`\ =13\relax\get@phys@line%
}%
%
%
\def\endlist{\catcode`\^^M=13%
\catcode`\ =10\let^^M=\par\catcode`\^^M=5}%
\def\beginlist[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]{%
  \name@endtoks={\endlist}\true@endtoks={\endlist}%
  \begin@list[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
%
%  BEGINRAWLIST -- ENDRAWLIST     \beginrawlist [...]{endtoken}
%  defaults for [..] supported, last {..} compulsory ({} allowed though)
%
%  \beginrawlist [<INICOUNT>][<STEP>][<DIGITS>][<FONT>]%
%                [<TEXTSHIFT>][<MARKINGSHIFT>]{<ENDMARK>}
%       <INICOUNT>=\linecount: starts with where it is left
%       <ENDMARK>= empty: \endrawlist ends the rawlist, otherwise
%                         <ENDMARK> ends it
%       <DIGITS>=0: no line numbering
%   Use \leftskip and \rightskip to control the wrapped positions
%
\def\endrawlist{\endgroup}%
\def\begin@@rawlist[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#7{\begingroup
  \def\temp@macro{#7}%     #7=token to end the list
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\esc@ endrawlist}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#7}%
  \fi
  \true@endtoks={\endlist\endrawlist}%
  \rm@ligature\set@tab\set@cr\set@space
  \raw@chars[11][13][13][13][13]%
  \begin@list[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
%
\def\begin@rawlist[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#{%
      \begin@@rawlist[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
%
\def\beginrawlist{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\begin@rawlist
      [\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two][\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four]%
      [\the\p@r@five][\the\p@r@six]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}%  end of push
  \font\tiny@rm=cmr5%
  \edef\temp@macro{%
      \noexpand\left@\the\linecount\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@1\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@0\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@\noexpand\tiny@rm\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@0pt\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@0pt\noexpand\right@}%
  \expandafter\st@ckparas\temp@macro\p@r@end}%
%
%
%
% PRINTFILE verbatim   \printfile [...]{filename}
% [...] same as \beginrawlist
%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax %
\def\print@@file[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#7{%
   \temp@toks={\bgroup\print@filetrue %
                \beginrawlist[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]{}}%
   \existfile{#7}%
   \iftemp@if %
      \edef\temp@macro##1{\the\temp@toks %
        \noexpand\input##1\leavevmode %
        \setbox\temp@box=\lastbox\esc@ endrawlist^^M%
        \global\advance\linecount-1\relax\egroup\vskip-\baselineskip}%
   \else \def\temp@macro##1{\message{(File #7 not found)}}%
   \fi %
   \temp@macro{#7}}%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax %
%
\def\print@file[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#{%
      \print@@file[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
%
\def\printfile{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\print@file
      [\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two][\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four]%
      [\the\p@r@five][\the\p@r@six]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}%  end of push
  \font\tiny@rm=cmr5%
  \edef\temp@macro{%
      \noexpand\left@\the\linecount\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@1\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@6\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@\noexpand\tiny@rm\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@0pt\noexpand\right@
      \noexpand\left@-10pt\noexpand\right@}%
  \expandafter\st@ckparas\temp@macro\p@r@end}%
%
%
% COMMENT OUT TEXT
%  \begincomment{password} <text> \endcomment or password
%
\catcode`\^^M=13%
\def\begin@@comment{\let\par\relax %
  \catcode`\^^M=13\message{< Skip}%
  \temp@count=0\temp@@count=0\relax%
  \long\def\get@phys@line##1^^M{%
    \ifnum\temp@@count<500\advance\temp@@count1\else %
    \message{\the\temp@count}\temp@@count=1\fi\relax %
    \global\advance\temp@count1\relax %
    \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
    \iftemp@if  %
      \def\temp@macro{\message{\the\temp@count\space lines}%
       \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\second@half}%
        \iftemp@if\message{>}\else %
           \message{<!> >}%
           \wlog{(Ignored: \second@half)}%
        \fi \the\true@endtoks }%
    \else \let\temp@macro=\get@phys@line %
    \fi \temp@macro }%
  \catcode`\ =13\relax\get@phys@line}%
%
\def\end@comment{\catcode`\^^M=13\catcode`\ =10\def^^M{\par}\catcode`\^^M=5}%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
\def\endcomment{\endgroup}%  \read@buffline\temp@macro
\def\begin@comment#1{\begingroup\nullfont
  \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000 \vbadness=10000
  \hfuzz=\maxdimen \vfuzz=\maxdimen
  \def\temp@macro{#1}%     #1=token to end the list
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\esc@ endcomment}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#1}%
  \fi \true@endtoks={\end@comment\endcomment}%
  \rm@ligature\set@tab\set@cr\set@space\def\ { }%
  \raw@chars[11][11][11][13][13]\begin@@comment}%
%
\def\begincomment#{\begin@comment}% essentially an \outer macro
%
% SAVE CATCODES
%
\def\toks@of@catcodes#1#2[#3]{{% #3=/13/221/233/ must be increasing,or empty
% return: global \temp@toks=0/0/0/
%           or    /startnum/totalnum/catcode/ ... /0/0/0/
  \def\get@triplet/##1/##2\ZZ{\temp@@@count=##1\relax
     \def\temp@macro{##2}\ifx\temp@macro\empty\else\def\temp@macro{/##2}\fi}%
  \def\temp@macro{#3}\def\temp@@macro{}\temp@count=#1\relax
  \loop \temp@@count=#2\relax \temp@@@count=\temp@@count\relax
     \ifx\temp@macro\empty \temp@iffalse\else
       \expandafter\get@triplet\temp@macro\ZZ % \ZZ is not defined
       \ifnum\temp@@@count>#2 \else
       \temp@@count=\temp@@@count \advance\temp@@count-1\relax \fi\fi
     \edef\temp@@@macro{\noexpand\str@@catcodes
         {\the\temp@count}{\the\temp@@count}}\temp@@@macro
     \temp@@toks=\expandafter{\temp@@macro}%
     \edef\temp@@macro{\the\temp@@toks\the\temp@toks}%
     \ifnum\temp@@@count>\temp@@count \temp@count\temp@@@count
        \else\temp@count\temp@@count \fi \advance\temp@count1\relax
     \ifnum\temp@count>#2 \temp@iffalse \else \temp@iftrue\fi
  \iftemp@if \repeat \global\temp@toks=\expandafter{\temp@@macro0/0/0/}}}%
%
\def\str@@catcodes#1#2{\ifnum#1>#2 \global\temp@toks={}\else
 {\temp@@@count#1\relax \global\temp@toks={}% result in \temp@toks
 \loop \temp@count=0\temp@@count=\the\catcode\temp@@@count\relax
   \l@@p \advance\temp@count1\advance\temp@@@count1\relax
     \ifnum\temp@@@count>#2\relax\temp@iffalse\else\temp@iftrue\fi
     \iftemp@if\ifnum\the\catcode\temp@@@count=\temp@@count
        \else\temp@iffalse\fi\fi
   \iftemp@if\repe@t
   \temp@@count=\temp@@@count \advance\temp@@count-\temp@count\relax
   \edef\temp@macro{\the\temp@toks
      \the\temp@@count/\the\temp@count/\the\catcode\temp@@count/}%
   \global\temp@toks=\expandafter{\temp@macro}%
   \ifnum\temp@@@count>#2\relax\temp@iffalse\else\temp@iftrue\fi
   \iftemp@if \repeat }\fi}%
%
\def\act@catcodes#1/#2/#3/{% activate catcodes, must be ended by /0/0/0/
  \temp@count=#2\relax
  \ifnum\temp@count>0 \let\temp@macro\act@catcodes\temp@@iftrue
  \else \let\temp@macro\relax\temp@@iffalse\fi
  \temp@count=0 \temp@@count=#1\relax
  \iftemp@@if\else\temp@count=#2\relax\fi
  \l@@p
    \iftemp@@if
      \temp@@@count=\the\catcode\temp@@count \relax
      \ifnum\temp@@@count=#3\relax\else
        \catcode\the\temp@@count=#3\relax\fi
      \advance\temp@count1 \advance\temp@@count1\relax
    \fi
  \ifnum\temp@count<#2 \repe@t \temp@macro}%
%
%
\def\is@rawmode#1/#2/#3/{% chk if catcode is 11 or 12,
                         % exceptions must be ended by /0/0/0/
  \temp@iftrue\temp@count=#2\relax
  \ifnum\temp@count>0 \let\temp@macro\act@catcodes\temp@@iftrue
  \else \let\temp@macro\relax\temp@@iffalse\fi
  \temp@count=0 \temp@@count=#1\relax
  \iftemp@@if\else\temp@count=#2\relax\fi
  \l@@p
    \iftemp@@if
      \temp@@@count=\the\catcode\temp@@count \relax
      \ifnum\temp@@@count=#3\relax\else
       \ifnum\temp@@@count=11\relax\else
        \ifnum\temp@@@count=12\relax\else
      \temp@iffalse \fi\fi\fi
      \advance\temp@count1 \advance\temp@@count1\relax
    \fi
  \ifnum\temp@count<#2 \repe@t\temp@macro}%
%
%
% #1=name, #2=1st char, #3=last char, #4=exceptions
\def\save@catcodes[#1][#2][#3][#4]{\toks@of@catcodes{#2}{#3}[#4]%
  \expandafter\xdef\csname CAT@#1@CODES\endcsname{\the\temp@toks}}%
%
\def\get@catcodes[#1]{%
  \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp@macro\csname CAT@#1@CODES\endcsname
  \expandafter\act@catcodes\temp@macro}%
%
% SAVE STATUS
%
\def\save@status{\edef\temp@macro{% status to \temp@macro
  \noexpand\pagegoal=\the\pagegoal
  \noexpand\hsize=\the\hsize
  \noexpand\vsize=\the\vsize
  \noexpand\hyphenpenalty=\the\hyphenpenalty
  \noexpand\overfullrule=\the\overfullrule
  \noexpand\pretolerance=\the\pretolerance
  \noexpand\tolerance=\the\tolerance
  \noexpand\hbadness=\the\hbadness
  \noexpand\vbadness=\the\vbadness
  \noexpand\hfuzz=\the\hfuzz
  \noexpand\vfuzz=\the\vfuzz
  \noexpand\spaceskip=\the\spaceskip
  \noexpand\xspaceskip=\the\xspaceskip
  \noexpand\looseness=\the\looseness
  \noexpand\parfillskip=\the\parfillskip }}%
%
%
% MULTI-COLUMNS
%
\newif\ifwarn@me \newbox\partial@page
\newtoks \old@output@toks
%\newtoks\new@footline
%  replacing \footline for a TeX bug if footline is lost
%
% makeshift remedy for LaTeX
% One must define \makefootline etc for realistic export to general LaTeX
\ifx\makeheadline\undefined@ \let\makeheadline\relax\fi
\ifx\makefootline\undefined@ \def\makefootline{}\fi
\ifx\advancepageno\undefined@\def\advancepageno{\global\advance\count0 1}\fi
%
\def\make@headline{{\hsize=\page@width \makeheadline}}%
\def\make@footline{{\hsize=\page@width \makefootline}}%
\def\simple@pageout#1{\shipout\vbox{\make@headline
   \vbox to\page@height{#1}\make@footline}\advancepageno}%
%
\def\page@sofar[#1]{\unvbox\partial@page \temp@count=0 %
   \loop\ifnum\temp@count<#1 \wd\temp@count=\hsize\advance\temp@count1 \repeat
   \temp@count=1 \hbox to\page@width{\box0 %
      \loop\ifnum\temp@count<#1 \hfil\box\temp@count
      \advance\temp@count by1 \repeat}\temp@count=0 %
   \ifx\topins\undefined@\else\ifvoid\topins\else\temp@count=1 \fi\fi
   \ifx\footins\undefined@\else\ifvoid\footins\else\temp@count=1 \fi\fi
   \ifwarn@me \ifnum\temp@count=1 \message{<!>}%
       \wlog{Insertions (e.g. footnotes) may be pushed to later pages.
       Try manual pagebreak to overcome possible overfull vbox due to
       insertions. I pray for you.}\global\warn@mefalse \fi\fi}%
%
\def\columns@out[#1]{\splittopskip=\topskip\splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
   \temp@dim=\page@height \advance\temp@dim by -\ht\partial@page
    \temp@count=0 \loop\ifnum\temp@count<#1
     \ifdim\temp@dim>0pt
        \setbox\temp@count=\vsplit255 to\temp@dim
     \else \setbox\temp@count=\vbox{}\fi
     \advance\temp@count by1 \repeat
    \simple@pageout{\page@sofar[#1]}\unvbox255\penalty\outputpenalty}%
%
\def\balance@columns[#1]{\setbox\temp@box=\vbox{\unvbox255}%
%%  For  materials more than one page but less than two pages
    \temp@@dim=\ht\partial@page \temp@dim=\ht\temp@box
    \divide\temp@dim by \column@num
    \advance\temp@dim by \temp@@dim \advance\temp@dim by \dp\temp@box
    \ifdim\temp@dim>\page@height \message{(!)}%
       \temp@@@dim=\temp@@dim \advance\temp@@@dim by -\page@height
       \advance\temp@@@dim by \baselineskip
       \ifdim\temp@@@dim>0pt \message{<!>}%
        \wlog{Space left in previous page too narrow.}\else
       {\vbadness=10000 \vfuzz=\maxdimen
        \predisplaypenalty 0 \postdisplaypenalty 0 %
        \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
        \temp@dim=\page@height \advance\temp@dim by -\temp@@dim
        \advance\temp@dim by \maxdepth
        \temp@count=0 \loop \ifnum\temp@count<#1 %
              \setbox\temp@count=\vsplit\temp@box to\temp@dim
              \advance\temp@count by1 \repeat
              \global\setbox\temp@box\box\temp@box
       \simple@pageout{\page@sofar[#1]}}\fi\fi
% push the rest into the next page
  \temp@dim=\ht\temp@box \advance\temp@dim by\topskip
  \advance\temp@dim by -\baselineskip
  \divide\temp@dim by #1 \splittopskip=\topskip
   {\vbadness=10000 \vfuzz=\maxdimen \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
    \loop \setbox\temp@@box=\copy\temp@box
          \temp@count=1 \l@@p \ifnum\temp@count<#1 %
          \setbox\temp@count=\vsplit\temp@@box to\temp@dim
          \advance\temp@count by1 \repe@t
    \ifdim\ht\temp@@box>\temp@dim \advance\temp@dim by1pt \repeat
    \temp@count=1 \temp@@count=0
    \loop \ifnum\temp@count<#1 %
      \setbox\temp@@count=\vbox to\temp@dim{\unvbox\temp@count}%
      \advance\temp@count by1 \advance\temp@@count by1 \repeat
    \temp@count=#1 \advance\temp@count by-1 %
    \setbox\temp@count=\vbox to \temp@dim{\unvbox\temp@@box}\page@sofar[#1]}%
    \global\setbox\temp@box=\null\global\setbox\temp@@box=\null}%
%
\def\begincolumns{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\begin@columns[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@2\right@\left@10pt\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\def\begin@columns[#1][#2]{% #1 will be expanded via \edef
  \save@status \old@output@toks=\expandafter{\the\output}%
  \let\old@entry@status\temp@macro %\begingroup
  \edef\column@num{#1}\warn@metrue
  \temp@@count=0 \temp@count=\column@num \relax
  \ifnum\temp@count>9 \temp@@count=1 \fi
  \ifnum\temp@count<1 \temp@@count=1 \fi
  \ifnum\temp@@count>0 %
  \errhelp{I think a format other than 1-9 columns in a page is crazy.
           But if you do have such devious wishes, I can only keep my
           fingers crossed for you.}%
  \errmessage{Column number \column@num\space is too ambitious!}\fi
  \ifISLATEX\edef\page@width{\the\textwidth}\edef\page@height{\the\textheight}%
  \else \edef\page@width{\the\hsize}\edef\page@height{\the\vsize}\fi
  \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000 \vbadness=10000
  \hfuzz=\maxdimen \vfuzz=\maxdimen \overfullrule=0pt
  \par\penalty-1 %avoid page loss near the page break margin
  \message{(\column@num\space cols|#2)}%
  \output={\global\setbox\partial@page=\vbox{\unvbox255\bigskip}}\eject
  \output={\columns@out[\column@num]}%
  \divide\hsize by \column@num \temp@dim=#2
  \ifnum \temp@dim<0 \message{Intercolumn skip [#2] insensible, reset to 0pt.}%
  \else \advance\hsize by -#2 \fi\multiply\vsize by \column@num
  \advance\vsize by 1pc}%
%
\def\endcolumns{%
  \hbox{}\output={\balance@columns[\column@num]}\eject%\endgroup
  \old@entry@status \output=\expandafter{\the\old@output@toks}%
  \global\setbox\partial@page=\null}%  \pagegoal=\vsize
%
% SMOOTH PASSAGES FOR MULTICOLUMNS
%
\def\smooth{\spaceskip=0.3em  plus .8em minus .1em
 \xspaceskip=0.6pt plus 1em minus .2em
 \pretolerance=10 \tolerance=10000 \looseness=-10000
 \parfillskip=0pt plus10fill\relax}%
%
% MAKE LABELS
%    \beginlabels[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]
%      defaults: #1=15pt #2=\sl #3=1 #4=1 #5=2.6in #6=2em
%    \endlabels
%
\def\begin@labels[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]{%
  \ifISLATEX \temp@dim=\textwidth \else\temp@dim=\hsize\fi
  \temp@@dim=#1 \advance\temp@@dim #5 \def\label@size{#5}%
  \advance\temp@@dim\temp@@dim \advance\temp@@dim10pt
  \ifdim\temp@@dim<\temp@dim \temp@count=2
  \else \temp@count=1 \temp@dim=0pt \fi\relax
  \edef\temp@macro{\noexpand\begincolumns[\the\temp@count][10pt]}%
  \temp@macro %\nullfont
  \long\def\peudo@letter##1\endletter{%
    \def\lettercontents{\begingroup \hbadness=10000 \vbadness=10000
     \hfuzz=\maxdimen \vfuzz=\maxdimen \overfullrule=0pt
     \vbox{#2 \par\vskip\baselineskip
      \vskip#1\addressparas[#3][#4][#5][#6]\vskip#1
      \hbox{\font\tiny@rm=cmr5 \tiny@rm
      \leaders\hbox to .8em{\hss.\hss}\hskip\label@size}\par}%
      \endgroup}}%
  \let\beginletter\peudo@letter\beginletter\endletter}%
%
\def\beginlabels{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\begin@labels[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]%
  [\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four][\the\p@r@five][\the\p@r@six]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas
     \left@ 20pt\right@  \left@ \tt\raggedright\right@
     \left@ 1\right@  \left@ 1\right@
     \left@ 2.6in\right@  \left@ 2em\right@ \p@r@end}%
%
\def\endlabels{\endcolumns\let\beginletter\true@letter}%
%
%
% LABELS: make labels via a 2nd read of file
%
\long\def\firstread#1{% nil if read after \labelsquit
  \ifx\ENDINPUT\undefined\def\temp@macro{#1}\else\def\temp@macro{}\fi
  \temp@macro}%
%
%
\def\initstyle{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\init@labels[\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@\right@\p@r@end}%
\let\initlabels\initstyle   % for compatibility with version 2.03
%
\long\def\init@labels[#1]#{\init@@labels[#1]}%
\long\def\init@@labels[#1]#2#{\init@@@labels[#1]#2}%
\long\def\init@@@labels[#1]#2#3{\def\labels@initiated{}\let\next\relax
  \ifISLATEX \ifx\ENDINPUT\undefined@ \def\temp@macro{#2}%
     \ifx\temp@macro\empty\temp@toks={article}\else\temp@toks={#2}\fi
     \temp@@toks={#3}\edef\temp@@macro{\noexpand\documentstyle
         [#1]{\the\temp@toks}\the\temp@@toks\noexpand\begin{document}}%
     \else\def\temp@@macro{}\fi
  \else \def\temp@@macro{}\message{<!>}%
     \wlog{(\string\initstyle\space ignored for plain TeX)}\fi
  \temp@@macro}%
%
%
\def\initclass{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\init@class[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@\right@\left@\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\long\def\init@class[#1][#2]#{\init@@class[#1][#2]}%
\long\def\init@@class[#1][#2]#3#{\init@@@class[#1][#2]#3}%
\long\def\init@@@class[#1][#2]#3#4{\def\labels@initiated{}\let\next\relax
  \ifISLATEX \ifx\ENDINPUT\undefined@ \def\temp@macro{#3}%
     \ifx\temp@macro\empty\temp@toks={article}\else\temp@toks={#3}\fi
     \temp@@toks={#4}\edef\temp@@macro{\noexpand\documentstyle
         [#1]{\the\temp@toks}\the\temp@@toks\noexpand\begin{document}}%
      \ifx\documentclass\undefined@\else
         \edef\temp@@macro{\noexpand\documentclass[#2]{\the\temp@toks}%
         \noexpand\read@style[,]{#1}\the\temp@@toks
         \noexpand\begin{document}}%
      \fi
     \else\def\temp@@macro{}\fi
  \else \def\temp@@macro{}\message{<!>}%
     \wlog{(\string\initclass\space ignored for plain TeX)}\fi
  \temp@@macro}%
%
\def\readstyles#1{\xdef\EntryReadStyle{\the\catcode`\@}\catcode`\@=11\relax
  \read@style[,]{#1}\catcode`\@=\EntryReadStyle\relax}%
%
\def\read@style[#1]#2{\def\one@item##1#1##2\safty@mark{\temp@toks={##1}%
  \expandafter\input@a@style\the\temp@toks..\safty@mark\def\temp@macro{##2}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty\else\def\temp@macro{\one@item##2\safty@mark}\fi
  \temp@macro}\one@item#2#1\safty@mark }%
\def\input@a@style#1.#2.#3\safty@mark{\def\temp@macro{#2}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty\def\temp@macro{sty}\fi\def\temp@@macro{#1.}%
  \temp@toks=\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
     {\expandafter\temp@@macro\temp@macro}\def\temp@@macro{#1}%
  \ifx\temp@@macro\empty\else\ifx\temp@@macro\space\else
  \expandafter\inputfile\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}\fi\fi }%
%
%
\def\labelsquit{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\labels@quit[\the\p@r@one][\the\p@r@two]%
  [\the\p@r@three][\the\p@r@four][\the\p@r@five][\the\p@r@six]}%
  \popnil\clrp@r@s\next@@}\st@ckparas
     \left@ 20pt\right@  \left@ \tt\raggedright\right@
     \left@ 1\right@  \left@ 1\right@
     \left@ 2.6in\right@  \left@ 2em\right@ \p@r@end}%
%
\def\labels@quit[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#{%
  \labels@@quit[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
\def\labels@@quit[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]#7{%
  \ifISLATEX \else\def\labels@initiated{}\fi
  \ifx\labels@initiated\undefined
    \message{<!>}\wlog{(\string\initstyle\space must be activated first)}%
    \let\next\relax
  \else \def\temp@macro{#7}%
    \ifx\temp@macro\empty\def\temp@macro{\jobname}\fi
    \ifx\ENDINPUT\undefined
       \temp@toks={[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5][#6]}%
       \message{(Re-read \jobname.tex)}%
       \edef\next{\noexpand\beginlabels
         \the\temp@toks\noexpand\input \temp@macro}%
    \else \def\next{\endlabels\end{document}}\fi
    \let\ENDINPUT\relax
  \fi \next}%
%
%
%  WRITE FILE
%
\catcode`\^^M=13\relax %
%
% \temp@read, \name@endtoks and \true\end@toks must be given on entry
\long\def\file@chkline#1^^M{\test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{#1}%
  \iftemp@if \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if\else \expandafter %
       \immediate\write\expandafter\temp@read\expandafter{\first@half}\fi %
     \immediate\closeout\temp@read \temp@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
     \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
     \iftemp@if \else\message{<!>}\wlog{(Ignored: \the\temp@toks)}\fi %
     \edef\buffer@{\the\true@endtoks}%
  \else \expandafter\immediate\expandafter %
     \write\expandafter\temp@read\expandafter{\first@half}%
     \let\buffer@\file@chkline %
  \fi \buffer@ }%
%
\def\beginfile{\push{%
  \edef\next@@{\noexpand\begin@file[\the\p@r@one]}%
  \popnil\next@@}\st@ckparas\left@\right@\p@r@end}%
%
\def\begin@file[#1]#{\begin@@file[#1]}%
\def\begin@@file[#1]#2{\save@catcodes[RAW][0][\MAX@CHR@CODE][]%
%    #1=token to end the list,  #2=filename
  \edef\temp@macro{#2}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty \def\temp@macro{scr@tch@.tex}\fi %
  \wlog{(File <\temp@macro> written)}%
  \immediate\openout\temp@read=\temp@macro  \def\temp@macro{#1}%
  \ifx\temp@macro\empty \temp@toks=\expandafter{\esc@}%
     \name@endtoks=\expandafter{\the\temp@toks endfile}%
  \else \name@endtoks={#1}\fi\true@endtoks={\endlinemode\endrawlinemode}%
  \rm@ligature\set@space\set@tab\raw@chars[11][11][11][13][13]\let\ =\space %
  \def\temp@macro##1^^M{%
     \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
     \iftemp@if\else \temp@toks={##1}%
       \expandafter\is@emptyline\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}%
       \iftemp@if\else \expandafter\immediate\expandafter %
         \write\expandafter\temp@read\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}\fi %
     \fi %
     \test@tokstr{\the\name@endtoks}{##1}%
     \iftemp@if \temp@toks=\expandafter{\first@half}%
        \temp@@toks=\expandafter{\second@half}%
        \edef\temp@@macro{\noexpand\file@chkline %
           \the\temp@toks\the\name@endtoks\the\temp@@toks\noexpand^^M}%
     \else\def\temp@@macro{\file@chkline}\fi\temp@@macro }%
  \temp@macro }%
%
\catcode`\^^M=5\relax%
%
%
% FONTS
%
%\font\BOLD=cmbx10 at 24.88pt     \font\hbold=cmbx10 at 20.74pt
%\font\lbold=cmbx10 at 17.28pt    \font\bbold=cmbx10 at 14.4pt
%\font\bold=cmbx10 at 12pt        \font\sbold=cmbx8
%\font\tbold=cmbx5                \font\ssan=cmss8
%\font\SAN=cmss10 at 24.88pt      \font\hsan=cmss10 at 20.74pt
%\font\lsan=cmss10 at 17.28pt     \font\bsan=cmss10 at 14.4pt
%\font\san=cmss10 at 12pt         \font\nsan=cmss10
%\font\ROMAN=cmr10 at 24.88pt     \font\hroman=cmr10 at 20.74pt
%\font\lroman=cmr10 at 17.28pt    \font\broman=cmr10 at 14.4pt
%\font\roman=cmr10 at 12pt        \font\sroman=cmr8
%\font\troman=cmr5                \font\stt=cmtt8
%
%
% LEAVE MACROS
%
\let\wlog\temp@@@macro\let\temp@@@macro\undefined@
%
\catcode`\@=\EntryFormLett\relax
\endinput
%
%ENDMACROS